Gk MCQs

India GDP growth forecast 2025 The India GDP growth forecast 2025 has attracted attention from economists, students, and global investors alike. According to the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM), India’s economy is expected to grow by 6.5% in the fiscal year 2025–26. This forecast comes at a time when global uncertainties like inflation, trade disruptions, and geopolitical conflicts continue to challenge world economies. The India GDP growth forecast 2025 reflects a mix of optimism and resilience. For students preparing for UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State PSCs, this topic is highly relevant and likely to appear in both objective and descriptive sections of exams. 🧾 What is the India GDP Growth Forecast 2025? The India GDP growth forecast 2025 represents the government’s expectation of how fast the economy will expand. A 6.5% growth rate suggests robust activity across key sectors like infrastructure, services, and manufacturing, backed by rising domestic consumption and strategic policy measures. 🔍 Key Factors Behind the India GDP Growth Forecast 2025 Here are the main reasons why experts are confident about the India GDP growth forecast 2025: ✅ 1. Capital Investment in Infrastructure The government’s push on capital expenditure (₹11 lakh crore in Budget 2025–26) is expected to stimulate jobs and create a multiplier effect on economic growth. ✅ 2. Boost from PLI Schemes Production Linked Incentives (PLI) across 14 sectors — including semiconductors, electronics, and EVs — are adding momentum to the India GDP growth forecast 2025. ✅ 3. Stable Macroeconomic Indicators Controlled inflation (~5%), healthy forex reserves, and a stable rupee have strengthened the case for a 6.5% India GDP growth forecast 2025. ✅ 4. Rural Consumption Recovery Rural markets are seeing demand rebound, with better monsoons and expanding credit, helping the India GDP growth forecast 2025 stay on track. 📊 Sector-Wise Outlook Supporting India GDP Growth Forecast 2025 Sector Growth Potential Contribution to GDP Agriculture Moderate (weather-based) 16% Manufacturing Strong via PLI & exports 18% Services Highest growth driver 53% Infrastructure Government-led boom 13% 🧠 Key Points – India GDP Growth Forecast 2025 📈 India’s projected GDP growth: 6.5% (2025–26) 🏛️ Forecast by: EAC-PM chaired by S Mahendra Dev 🛠️ Major drivers: Infra investment, PLI schemes, rising domestic demand 🌍 Risks include global oil price volatility and trade slowdown 🧑‍🎓 Highly relevant for UPSC, SSC, Banking, and MBA aspirants MCQs on India GDP Growth Forecast 2025 1. Who projected India’s 6.5% GDP growth for FY 2025–26?A. RBIB. NITI AayogC. S Mahendra Dev (EAC-PM)D. Finance Minister✅ Answer: C. S Mahendra Dev 2. What is the expected GDP growth rate in the India GDP growth forecast 2025?A. 4.5%B. 5.2%C. 6.5%D. 7.1%✅ Answer: C. 6.5% 3. Which sector is expected to drive India’s GDP growth the most?A. AgricultureB. ServicesC. FisheriesD. Forestry✅ Answer: B. Services 4. What does PLI stand for?A. Price Limit IndicatorB. Performance Linked IncentiveC. Production Linked IncentiveD. Project Licensing Investment✅ Answer: C. Production Linked Incentive 5. A strong India GDP growth forecast 2025 helps in—A. Decreasing jobsB. Economic slowdownC. Attracting foreign investmentD. Increasing fiscal deficit✅ Answer: C. Attracting foreign investment  6. Which organization monitors and maintains India’s national income data?A. RBIB. Ministry of FinanceC. CSO (MoSPI)D. SEBI✅ Answer: C. CSO (MoSPI)📘 The Central Statistics Office compiles GDP data in India. 7. What kind of GDP growth is considered ideal for a developing country like India?A. 2–3%B. 4–5%C. 6–7%D. Above 10%✅ Answer: C. 6–7% 8. Which one is NOT a factor supporting the India GDP growth forecast 2025?A. Rising domestic consumptionB. Infrastructure investmentsC. Global recessionD. PLI schemes✅ Answer: C. Global recession 9. What is India’s rank among fastest-growing major economies in 2025?A. 1stB. 2ndC. 3rdD. 5th✅ Answer: A. 1st 10. What is the estimated fiscal deficit target for 2025 as per Union Budget?A. 3%B. 4.5%C. 6.4%D. 5.9%✅ Answer: D. 5.9% 11. What does higher GDP generally mean for citizens?A. More taxesB. Better living standardsC. Lower FDID. Decrease in savings✅ Answer: B. Better living standards 12. What kind of economy does India have?A. SocialistB. MixedC. CapitalistD. Communist✅ Answer: B. Mixed 13. Which of the following schemes directly supports manufacturing and GDP growth?A. Mid-Day Meal SchemeB. Make in IndiaC. RTE ActD. MGNREGA✅ Answer: B. Make in India 14. Which sector is least contributing to India’s GDP in 2025?A. AgricultureB. ManufacturingC. ServicesD. Construction✅ Answer: A. Agriculture 15. Which of these economic terms refers to the total value of goods and services produced?A. CPIB. GDPC. Repo rateD. FDI✅ Answer: B. GDP 16. How often is India’s GDP data released?A. MonthlyB. QuarterlyC. AnnuallyD. Bi-annually✅ Answer: B. Quarterly 17. What is the base year for calculating India’s GDP (as of 2025)?A. 2011–12B. 2016–17C. 2020–21D. 2004–05✅ Answer: A. 2011–12 18. What role does RBI play in GDP growth?A. Announces taxesB. Controls inflationC. Conducts electionsD. Regulates agriculture✅ Answer: B. Controls inflation 19. What will help sustain the India GDP growth forecast 2025?A. Demand-side inflationB. Low employmentC. Consistent policy reformsD. Political instability✅ Answer: C. Consistent policy reforms 20. What is the full form of MoSPI?A. Ministry of Special Programs of IndiaB. Ministry of Statistics and Programme ImplementationC. Ministry of Social Policy and IndiaD. Monitoring and Statistics of Private Investment✅ Answer: B. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation 21. Which global body supports India’s reform-driven growth model?A. WHOB. IMFC. UNESCOD. FIFA✅ Answer: B. IMF 22. What is GDP at constant prices also known as?A. Nominal GDPB. Real GDPC. Fiscal GDPD. Core GDP✅ Answer: B. Real GDP 23. Which initiative promotes digital transactions and supports GDP growth?A. Swachh BharatB. Digital IndiaC. PM-KISAND. Beti Bachao✅ Answer: B. Digital India 24. What kind of investment boosts long-term GDP growth?A. Portfolio investmentB. Consumer creditC. Capital investmentD. Insurance premium✅ Answer: C. Capital investment 25. Which among the following affects the India GDP growth forecast 2025 negatively?A. Infrastructure developmentB. Fiscal deficit managementC. Global financial crisisD. Banking sector reforms✅ Answer: C. Global financial crisis 26. When GDP grows faster than population, it leads to—A. StagflationB. Negative per capita incomeC. Higher per capita incomeD. Price hike✅ Answer: C. Higher per capita income 27. GDP per capita is calculated as—A. GDP ×

Relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike India has witnessed a notable relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike, a major development in international trade. On July 13, 2025, the United States announced new tariffs targeting key exports from several countries, but India was exempted from the hike. This decision is seen as a boost for Indian exporters and has strengthened the rupee temporarily against the US dollar. Let’s break down this significant event and follow it with 50+ MCQs for your competitive exam prep. 📌 Why Did the US Impose New Tariffs in July 2025? Reason: To counter alleged unfair trade practices and protect US manufacturing. Targets: Countries like China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Mexico were affected. Sectors hit: Steel, electronics, textiles, and EV components. 🇮🇳 Why Was India Excluded? Improved Bilateral Relations: India and the US have strengthened ties in defense and technology. Strategic Trade Partner: India has become a reliable alternative to China. Economic Reforms: India’s tariff transparency and WTO compliance were cited. 💱 Impact on Indian Economy Factor Impact Export sector Boost for textile, electronics, auto parts exports Foreign Exchange Market Rupee gained value against the US dollar Stock Market Positive investor sentiment Trade Deficit Expected to narrow due to better export earnings 📈 Rupee Exchange Rate Movement Before exclusion: ₹83.25/USD After exclusion: ₹82.70/USD Reason: Confidence in India’s global trade standing 🧠 50+ MCQs on “Relief for Rupee After India Excluded from US Tariff Hike” 1. Which country recently excluded India from a major tariff hike in July 2025?A. ChinaB. USAC. UKD. Germany✅ Answer: B. USA👉 India was exempted from new US tariffs aimed at other exporting nations. 2. What was the main benefit for India after being excluded from US tariffs?A. Better relations with ChinaB. Relief for rupeeC. Increase in oil importsD. Decline in inflation✅ Answer: B. Relief for rupee👉 The rupee appreciated due to better trade outlook. 3. What was the approximate exchange rate of the rupee after India’s exclusion?A. ₹84.10/USDB. ₹83.80/USDC. ₹82.70/USDD. ₹85.00/USD✅ Answer: C. ₹82.70/USD 4. Which of the following sectors is likely to benefit the most?A. Oil RefiningB. Electronics & TextilesC. Real EstateD. Banking✅ Answer: B. Electronics & Textiles  5. What is the term for a country’s official policy to increase tariffs on imports?A. GlobalizationB. ProtectionismC. LiberalizationD. Nationalization✅ Answer: B. Protectionism 6. What does a strong rupee indicate?A. India is importing moreB. Rupee is losing valueC. Indian currency is gaining against dollarD. RBI is increasing interest rates✅ Answer: C. Indian currency is gaining against dollar 7. Which institution manages India’s foreign exchange reserves?A. Ministry of FinanceB. SEBIC. RBID. IMF✅ Answer: C. RBI 8. What is the main export destination for Indian textiles?A. UAEB. ChinaC. United StatesD. South Korea✅ Answer: C. United States  9. What is the name of the major India-US trade forum?A. QUAD CouncilB. Indo-Pacific PactC. TPF (Trade Policy Forum)D. US-Asia Alliance✅ Answer: C. TPF (Trade Policy Forum) 10. Which Indian leader recently met US Trade Representative Katherine Tai?A. S. JaishankarB. Nirmala SitharamanC. Piyush GoyalD. Narendra Modi✅ Answer: C. Piyush Goyal  11. What is India’s largest export item to the US?A. IT servicesB. OilC. Gems & JewelryD. Pharmaceuticals✅ Answer: C. Gems & Jewelry 12. Which Indian city hosts the NSE (National Stock Exchange)?A. New DelhiB. HyderabadC. BengaluruD. Mumbai✅ Answer: D. Mumbai 13. What is the full form of WTO?A. World Tariff OrganizationB. World Trade OrderC. World Trade OrganizationD. World Treaty Organization✅ Answer: C. World Trade Organization  14. Excluding India from tariff hikes shows a shift in which policy?A. Non-Aligned MovementB. US Strategic PivotC. Indo-Pacific EngagementD. Dollarization✅ Answer: C. Indo-Pacific Engagement 15. A country’s trade balance is calculated by—A. Imports – GDPB. Exports – ImportsC. Imports + ExportsD. GDP – GNP✅ Answer: B. Exports – Imports  16. What would happen if India had been included in US tariff hikes?A. Rupee would appreciateB. Exports would increaseC. Exporters face lossesD. Inflation would drop✅ Answer: C. Exporters face losses 17. Which financial term best explains the rupee’s gain after the announcement?A. RecessionB. Capital flightC. Investor sentimentD. Currency hedging✅ Answer: C. Investor sentiment  18. Which index best reflects the performance of India’s top 50 companies?A. SensexB. Nifty 50C. BSE MidcapD. NSE 200✅ Answer: B. Nifty 50👉 Nifty 50 tracks the performance of 50 major companies on the NSE. 19. When the rupee strengthens, what becomes cheaper for Indian consumers?A. ExportsB. ImportsC. TaxesD. Domestic loans✅ Answer: B. Imports👉 A stronger rupee means India pays less for imported goods. 20. What is the term for the price at which one currency can be exchanged for another?A. Repo rateB. Exchange rateC. Export dutyD. Forex buffer✅ Answer: B. Exchange rate 21. What is the full form of FOREX?A. Foreign Region ExchangeB. Financial Order ExchangeC. Foreign ExchangeD. Forward Rate Exchange✅ Answer: C. Foreign Exchange  22. As of 2025, which country is India’s largest trading partner?A. ChinaB. UAEC. USAD. Russia✅ Answer: C. USA 23. What was the India–US bilateral trade volume in 2024? (approx)A. $50 billionB. $78 billionC. $118 billionD. $150 billion✅ Answer: C. $118 billion👉 India and the US have seen record trade in recent years. 24. Which Indian export product to the US saw the highest growth in 2023–24?A. Crude oilB. TextilesC. Processed foodsD. Auto parts✅ Answer: D. Auto parts  25. What is a ‘tariff’?A. A tax on imports or exportsB. A stock price limitC. A bank loan typeD. A type of GST✅ Answer: A. A tax on imports or exports 26. What happens to the demand for goods if tariffs increase?A. Demand rises sharplyB. Demand remains constantC. Demand dropsD. Supply increases✅ Answer: C. Demand drops👉 Higher tariffs usually reduce consumption of imported goods. 27. What is the objective of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA)?A. To restrict importsB. To allow unrestricted travelC. To increase tariffsD. To reduce trade barriers✅ Answer: D. To reduce trade barriers  28. Which international body resolves trade disputes among nations?A. IMFB. WTOC. World BankD. OECD✅ Answer: B. WTO 29. India is part of which regional economic grouping?A. EUB. NAFTAC. BRICSD. ASEAN✅ Answer: C. BRICS 30. What was the primary

Relief for Rupee After India Excluded from US Tariff Hike The Relief for Rupee After India Excluded from US Tariff Hike speaks volumes about how global trade decisions can instantaneously impact a currency. On July 8, 2025, US President Trump announced planned import tariffs affecting 14 nations—but strategically excluded India, sending the Indian rupee soaring. This move offered a major relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike, calming markets and raising optimism about a potential India–US interim trade deal. This detailed blog explores the relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike, its ripple effects on markets, bond flows, and forex trading, along with 50+ exam-focused MCQs. Ideal for aspirants preparing for UPSC, SSC, Bank, Railways, and State PSCs. 📈 What Triggered the Relief? US Tariffs Announced: Trump proposed higher import tariffs on July 8, pushing back their implementation from July 9 to August 1 India Excluded: Crucially, India was left out of the tariff list—prompting relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike . Trade Deal Talk: Trump’s comments on nearing a trade agreement further supported sentiment relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike Asian Market Calm: While peers like the yen and won remained stable, the rupee gained ground Forex Flows: Net inflows ~US$81 million in equities and ~$19.6 million in bonds on July 4 relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike 📊 Market & Economic Impact 📉 Currency Movement Onshore forward showing INR 85.70–85.75 vs. previous ~85.85—clear relief for rupee after India excluded from US tariff hike Spot rupee gained ~0.16% to 85.71 on July 8 🏦 Equity & Bond Markets FIIs invested US$81m in equities, ~$19.6m in bonds—the highest since trade discussions heated up ⚖️ Crude & Dollar Index Brent crude fell 0.6% to ~$69.2/bbl, helping stabilize the rupee US dollar index declined, aiding the INR ⚠️ Lingering Concerns Uncertainty remains—deal talks could stall again, triggering volatility. The previous rupee crash of 0.5% was due to 10% tariff fears 🧠 50+ MCQs on “Relief for Rupee After India Excluded from US Tariff Hike” 1. What major policy decision did the US announce on July 8, 2025? A) A military agreement with IndiaB) Higher import tariffs on select countriesC) Complete free trade with AsiaD) Withdrawal from WTO✅ Answer: BExplanation: The US announced higher tariffs targeting 14 countries, excluding India. 2. What was the key outcome for India in the tariff decision? A) India faced sanctionsB) India was included in the tariff listC) India was excluded from the tariff hikeD) India imposed counter-tariffs✅ Answer: CExplanation: India was strategically left out, which brought relief to the Indian rupee and economy. 3. Which Indian currency indicator improved due to the exclusion? A) Repo RateB) InflationC) Rupee’s exchange rateD) Fiscal deficit✅ Answer: CExplanation: The rupee gained strength as exclusion from tariffs meant reduced pressure on trade. 4. Why did the Indian stock market rally after the announcement? A) FDI was bannedB) FII inflows increasedC) Rupee weakenedD) US imposed tariffs on India✅ Answer: BExplanation: Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) invested heavily due to lower trade risk. 5. Which sector in India benefited immediately after the US tariff announcement? A) IT ServicesB) TextilesC) MiningD) Real Estate✅ Answer: BExplanation: Textile stocks surged as India’s exports faced no extra US duty, unlike Bangladesh. 6. Which of the following commodities declined after the news? A) GoldB) Brent CrudeC) WheatD) Cotton✅ Answer: BExplanation: Brent crude prices fell 0.6%, reducing India’s import bill and strengthening the rupee. 7. What is the main driver behind currency value fluctuations in such global announcements? A) Local monsoonB) RBI repo rateC) Global investor sentimentD) Gold price in India✅ Answer: CExplanation: Global confidence in a country’s economy affects currency demand and stability. 8. Which financial indicator dropped after India’s exclusion from the US tariff hike? A) Dollar indexB) SENSEXC) Repo rateD) Inflation✅ Answer: AExplanation: The dollar index fell, which further boosted emerging market currencies like the rupee. 9. India’s foreign exchange reserves are managed by A) SEBIB) Ministry of CommerceC) RBID) IMF✅ Answer: CExplanation: The Reserve Bank of India manages forex reserves and intervenes in currency markets. 10. Which country faced a 35% US tariff that helped Indian textile stocks? A) VietnamB) BangladeshC) ChinaD) Sri Lanka✅ Answer: BExplanation: US tariffs on Bangladesh’s textiles created an opportunity for Indian exports. 11. What is the currency code of the Indian rupee? A) INRB) RUPC) INDD) IRU✅ Answer: AExplanation: INR is the international currency code used for Indian rupee. 12. What is a ‘forward contract’ in forex? A) A loan to exportersB) A legal agreement to exchange currency at a future dateC) An equity bondD) A type of mutual fund✅ Answer: BExplanation: A forward contract locks in exchange rates for a future date, used to hedge risk. 13. On July 8, the one-month USD/INR forward opened at A) 84.50B) 86.10C) 85.70–85.75D) 85.10–85.15✅ Answer: CExplanation: This indicated market stability and reduced fear after India’s exclusion. 14. Which authority regulates forex in India? A) SEBIB) RBIC) NITI AayogD) Ministry of Finance✅ Answer: BExplanation: RBI regulates forex reserves, inflows, outflows, and exchange rate mechanisms. 15. What is NDF in forex markets? A) Non-Deliverable ForwardB) Net Domestic FundC) National Digital ForexD) None of the above✅ Answer: AExplanation: NDF is a derivative instrument to trade currency outside local jurisdictions. 16. Which of the following is NOT impacted directly by rupee strength? A) Import costsB) Export competitivenessC) RBI dividendD) Foreign travel expenses✅ Answer: CExplanation: RBI dividend is based on profits, not directly linked to rupee movement. 17. Which key global indicator affects emerging market currencies? A) Crude oil priceB) US dollar indexC) US bond yieldsD) All of the above✅ Answer: DExplanation: All three impact forex inflows/outflows and affect currency valuation. 18. Rupee strength helps reduce A) Export earningsB) Import costsC) Tourism revenueD) Inflation globally✅ Answer: BExplanation: A stronger rupee makes dollar-denominated imports cheaper for India. 19. What does a high trade deficit mean? A) Exports > ImportsB) Imports > ExportsC) Balanced tradeD) None of the above✅ Answer: BExplanation: India

Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams offer a smart way to stay ahead in your competitive exam preparation. With national and international headlines shifting fast, staying updated with the most relevant and recent events becomes crucial. Whether you’re preparing for UPSC Prelims, SSC CGL, Banking PO/Clerk, or Railway NTPC, these questions will help you sharpen your awareness and score higher. This post compiles 20+ highly probable MCQs based on the first two weeks of June 2025. We’ve also included detailed explanations to help you learn the context—not just the fact. ✅ Key Points Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams cover crucial current affairs from June 1–11, 2025. Questions are selected based on their relevance to UPSC, SSC CGL, Banking PO/Clerk, Railway NTPC, and other government exams. Topics include infrastructure, education reforms, weather alerts, defence updates, and diplomatic events. Each MCQ in Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams includes detailed explanations to aid learning and revision. The blog strengthens your preparation for both Static GK and Current Affairs sections. Practicing Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams boosts retention and conceptual clarity. Aligned with the latest exam trends, helping aspirants stay current and confident. Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams is a one-stop revision guide for serious aspirants. Perfect for online quizzes, practice sets, and weekly current affairs revisions. Also suitable for content-based questions in Essay, Ethics, and General Studies papers. 🧠 20+ Top Trending GK MCQs – June 2025 Edition 1. What is the name of the world’s highest railway bridge recently opened to the public?A) Yamuna ArchB) Narmada ViaductC) Chenab BridgeD) Teesta Span✅ Answer: C) Chenab Bridge👉 Located in J&K, it marks a major infrastructure milestone. 2. Which Indian city hosted the first U-15 National Wrestling Championship?A) LucknowB) NagpurC) BhopalD) Delhi✅ Answer: B) Nagpur👉 Over 1,200 participants attended this youth sports event. 3. The IMD issued red alerts in June 2025 due to what condition?A) FloodsB) EarthquakesC) HeatwavesD) Snowfall✅ Answer: C) Heatwaves👉 Delhi and Rajasthan saw temperatures over 44°C. 4. What platform was updated by the Ministry of Skill Development in June 2025?A) Learn@IndiaB) Skill India DigitalC) DigiSkill HubD) PMKaushal✅ Answer: B) Skill India Digital👉 It promotes digital learning and vocational upskilling. 5. Which ministry launched this digital platform?A) Ministry of LabourB) Ministry of EducationC) Ministry of Skill Development and EntrepreneurshipD) NITI Aayog✅ Answer: C) Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship 6. Who is the current Chairperson of UPSC (as of June 2025)?A) Deepak GuptaB) Arvind SaxenaC) Manoj SoniD) Rakesh Mohan✅ Answer: C) Manoj Soni 7. Which international summit shifted focus due to Israel–Iran tensions?A) G7 SummitB) ASEAN ForumC) SCO SummitD) BRICS Meet✅ Answer: A) G7 Summit👉 It prioritized conflict diplomacy over climate talks. 8. What festival was observed on June 6, 2025, with a holiday in many states?A) Eid al-FitrB) HoliC) Eid al-AdhaD) Diwali✅ Answer: C) Eid al-Adha 9. Which state introduced folk arts and yoga in textbooks (Classes 1–5)?A) KeralaB) GujaratC) MaharashtraD) Rajasthan✅ Answer: D) Rajasthan 10. Which country paused Middle East military involvement to support diplomacy?A) USAB) RussiaC) IranD) UK✅ Answer: A) USA 11. Which Indian naval ship visited Vietnam in June 2025?A) INS ViraatB) INS TrikandC) INS SatpuraD) INS Kochi✅ Answer: B) INS Trikand 12. What was launched by CPCB for managing photovoltaic waste?A) Solar Recycle ManualB) Green Panel ReportC) Solar Waste PlaybookD) PV Management Kit✅ Answer: C) Solar Waste Playbook 13. Which Indian state reported a “Monsoon Pause” in June 2025?A) KeralaB) MaharashtraC) RajasthanD) Tamil Nadu✅ Answer: C) Rajasthan 14. What rank did Tamil Nadu achieve in the SDG India Index 2025?A) 1stB) 2ndC) 3rdD) 4th✅ Answer: A) 1st 15. Which heritage site was involved in Cambodia–Thailand tensions?A) Angkor WatB) Wat Phra KaewC) Preah Vihear TempleD) Sukhothai Ruins✅ Answer: C) Preah Vihear Temple 16. Where did NASA report a surge in extreme weather since 2003?A) EuropeB) IndiaC) GloballyD) USA✅ Answer: C) Globally 17. What is the full form of IMD?A) Indian Meteorological DirectorateB) Indian Monsoon DepartmentC) India Meteorological DepartmentD) Institute for Meteorology & Disaster✅ Answer: C) India Meteorological Department 18. Which sector is most impacted by rising oil prices in India?A) AgricultureB) ExportsC) ImportsD) Infrastructure✅ Answer: C) Imports 19. What is the focus of the Solar Waste Playbook?A) Agriculture wasteB) Wind turbine repairC) Photovoltaic panel disposalD) Climate forecasting✅ Answer: C) Photovoltaic panel disposal 20. Which organization monitors sustainable development in India?A) SEBIB) RBIC) NITI AayogD) NPCI✅ Answer: C) NITI Aayog 🎯 Final Thoughts Solving Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams not only boosts your accuracy but also improves your contextual understanding. Every question in this list is anchored in real events, making it more likely to appear in your upcoming exams. 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India SDG ranking in 2025 50+ Important MCQs for Competitive Exam Aspirants The India SDG ranking in 2025 marks a landmark moment as the nation secures its first-ever position within the top 100 of the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Index. This stride represents India’s unwavering dedication to sustainable progress and sets the stage for navigating development complexities ahead. What Is the India SDG Ranking in 2025? In the India SDG ranking in 2025, India stands at 99th out of 167 nations, with a commendable score of around 67. This index, formulated by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), evaluates progress across 17 goals spanning health, environment, education, inequality, and infrastructure. A Journey of Progress: Ranking Trends Tracing the trajectory of the India SDG ranking in 2025, the country climbed from 109th in 2024, 112th in 2023, to 121st in 2022. This consistent upward movement demonstrates India’s stronger alignment with SDG targets and structured policy interventions Regional and Global Standing The India SDG ranking in 2025 positions India above Bangladesh (114th) and Pakistan (140th), though behind Bhutan (74th) and Nepal (85th), showcasing Asia’s mixed advancement in sustainable development . Globally, Finland, Sweden, and Denmark top the rankings, with Europe leading dominantly Key Drivers Behind the Rise The impressive India SDG ranking in 2025 is propelled by leaps in: Clean energy—India stands third globally in renewable energy capacity contributions . Healthcare—notable progress in child mortality reductions and healthcare services . Basic infrastructure—improvements in electricity access (SDG7), mobile broadband (SDG9), and slum-free housing initiatives Government flagship interventions—Swachh Bharat Mission, Smart Cities Mission, and clean‑energy drives—are significant contributors Lingering Gaps Despite the improved India SDG ranking in 2025, critical SDGs show slow progress: Rising obesity (SDG2) and nitrogen pollution. Environmental concerns—biodiversity loss (SDG15), low climate action (SDG13). Governance issues—press freedom, corruption (SDG16) remain problematic Global Hurdles At a global scale, the India SDG ranking in 2025 reflects broader systemic challenges: only 17% of SDG targets are expected to be met by 2030. Conflicts, limited fiscal space, and structural weaknesses hinder global progress The report emphasizes reforming global finance frameworks to support developing countries. Policy Implications for India To build on the India SDG ranking in 2025, prioritized action should include: Bridging nutrition and health gaps. Strengthening environmental governance and biodiversity conservation. Reinforcing institutions to improve press freedom and combat corruption. Mobilizing domestic and global finance for infrastructure, green technologies, and social safety nets. What the Future Holds The India SDG ranking in 2025 showcases a promising start, but sustained momentum through robust reforms, funding, and international collaboration is essential to ensure India not only climbs further but also contributes meaningfully to global progress. 50+ MCQs on India SDG Ranking in 2025 What is India’s global rank in the SDG Index 2025?A) 114B) 109C) 99D) 101 What score did India achieve in the SDG Index 2025?A) 65.21B) 66.95C) 70.13D) 63.89 Which organization publishes the global SDG Index?A) World Economic ForumB) NITI AayogC) United Nations Development ProgrammeD) Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) India SDG ranking in 2025 improved from which previous rank in 2024?A) 109B) 112C) 105D) 110 Which country ranked first in the SDG Index 2025?A) SwitzerlandB) FinlandC) GermanyD) Sweden In the India SDG ranking in 2025, what region is ahead of India in South Asia?A) PakistanB) Sri LankaC) BhutanD) Afghanistan Which South Asian country is behind India in the 2025 SDG Index?A) PakistanB) BhutanC) Sri LankaD) Nepal Which SDG did India perform well on in 2025?A) SDG 13 – Climate ActionB) SDG 15 – Life on LandC) SDG 7 – Affordable and Clean EnergyD) SDG 16 – Peace and Justice What theme is covered under SDG 3, where India has shown progress?A) Affordable HousingB) Good Health and Well-BeingC) Clean WaterD) Gender Equality India SDG ranking in 2025 reflects improvement due to which flagship scheme?A) Ayushman BharatB) Ujjwala YojanaC) Swachh Bharat MissionD) PM Kisan India’s performance on SDG 9 relates to:A) Climate ChangeB) Industry, Innovation & InfrastructureC) HungerD) Oceans Which SDG remains a challenge for India in 2025 due to obesity and nutrition issues?A) SDG 2 – Zero HungerB) SDG 4 – EducationC) SDG 1 – No PovertyD) SDG 5 – Gender Equality In India SDG ranking in 2025, which domain still needs governance reforms?A) InfrastructureB) SDG 16 – Peace, Justice & Strong InstitutionsC) EnergyD) Education Which environmental goal shows slow progress in India’s SDG journey?A) SDG 6B) SDG 15 – Life on LandC) SDG 4D) SDG 3 India’s clean energy efforts have mainly contributed to improvement in:A) SDG 3B) SDG 13C) SDG 7D) SDG 8 The India SDG ranking in 2025 shows that only what percentage of global targets are on track?A) 30%B) 17%C) 45%D) 25% Which report highlights the need to reform the global financial architecture for SDG success?A) World Bank ReportB) SDG Index 2025 ReportC) IMF Economic OutlookD) UNGA Climate Report The Smart Cities Mission impacts which SDG positively?A) SDG 17B) SDG 10C) SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesD) SDG 6 How many Sustainable Development Goals are there in total?A) 15B) 20C) 17D) 18 The India SDG ranking in 2025 is part of which global agenda?A) Human Rights CharterB) Agenda 2030C) Millennium Development GoalsD) Climate Treaty of 2015 What year is the global SDG target deadline?A) 2040B) 2025C) 2028D) 2030 India’s SDG progress is assessed annually by:A) UNDPB) SDSN and Bertelsmann StiftungC) IMFD) World Economic Forum SDG 6 is related to:A) Clean EnergyB) Clean Water and SanitationC) InnovationD) Hunger One major barrier India faces in SDG progress is:A) Trade embargoB) Funding and climate vulnerabilityC) Tourism declineD) Lack of infrastructure What is a suggested reform in the SDG report for developing countries?A) Export controlB) Debt restructuring and global finance reformC) Immigration banD) Lower SDG goals Which Indian initiative contributes to affordable energy access?A) Atmanirbhar BharatB) Ujjwala YojanaC) PM Awas YojanaD) Jan Dhan Which SDG deals with education, where India saw gradual improvements?A) SDG 4 – Quality EducationB) SDG 6C) SDG 8D) SDG 14 Which ministry in India coordinates SDG localization efforts?A) MoEFCCB) NITI AayogC) Ministry of FinanceD) Ministry of

Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation The Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation in June 2025 marks an intense shift from shadow warfare to overt missile exchanges and aerial offensives. As this conflict unfolds—with Israel’s “Operation Rising Lion” targeting Iran’s nuclear and military assets, followed by Iran’s retaliatory missile strikes on Israeli cities—it has become a pivotal phenomenon for competitive exam preparation. Understanding the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation helps aspirants grasp the complexity of modern international security, energy markets, defense tech, and diplomatic maneuvering. Here’s everything aspirants should focus on. 📌 Key Points: Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation began with Israel’s airstrike campaign around June 13, targeting Iran’s nuclear sites and military leaders Iran retaliated by launching over 200 missiles and drones, with major targets including Tel Aviv, Beersheba, and Haifa Israel deployed its multi-layered defense (Iron Dome, Arrow, David’s Sling), intercepting ~90% of Iranian missiles Civilian infrastructure impact: Iran’s strike damaged Soroka hospital in Beersheba, injuring many Israel’s Mossad-led hybrid operations used drones inside Iran to disable missile launchers ahead of the main strike en.wikipedia.org. Regional implications: Unexpected ally restraint from Hezbollah/Hamas, and U.S. contemplating involvement—heightening stakes thetimes.co.uk. The conflict escalates global concerns about nuclear proliferation, Strait of Hormuz disruptions, and energy prices 🎯 22 MCQs on Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation **When did Israel launch “Operation Rising Lion” against Iran?**A) June 1–3B) June 5–7C) June 13–14D) June 19–20✅ Answer: C) June 13–14 **What was the main Israeli objective of the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation strikes?**A) Economic sanctionsB) Nuclear and military infrastructure removalC) Border closureD) Diplomatic siege✅ Answer: B **Approximately how many missiles/drones did Iran launch during its retaliation?**A) 50B) 100C) 200+D) 500✅ Answer: C) 200+ **Which Israeli defense system was heavily used in the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation?**A) S-400B) Iron DomeC) PatriotD) THAAD✅ Answer: B) Iron Dome **Which hospital was hit by an Iranian missile?**A) Sheba HospitalB) Soroka Medical CenterC) Hadassah HospitalD) Rambam Hospital✅ Answer: B) Soroka **What percentage of Iran’s missiles did Israel intercept?**A) 50%B) 70%C) 90%D) 99%✅ Answer: C) 90% **What unique role did Mossad play in the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation?**A) Air defenseB) Drone sabotage inside IranC) Humanitarian aidD) Sanctions enforcement✅ Answer: B **Which infrastructure type was hit in Iran during the escalation?**A) AirportsB) Nuclear & missile facilitiesC) DamsD) Oil refineries✅ Answer: B **Which Middle Eastern militia notably remained inactive?**A) HouthisB) HezbollahC) Islamic StateD) Al-Qaeda✅ Answer: B) Hezbollah **Which Strait may be disrupted due to the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation?**A) MalaccaB) HormuzC) Bab-el-MandebD) Gibraltar✅ Answer: B) Hormuz **Who demanded Iran’s “unconditional surrender”?**A) BidenB) TrumpC) PutinD) Xi Jinping✅ Answer: B) Trump **What key Iranian facility was targeted?**A) ParchinB) FordowC) Natanz & ArakD) Isfahan refinery✅ Answer: C **Which US system supported Israel in the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation?**A) AegisB) THAADC) Iron DomeD) Arrow✅ Answer: B) THAAD **Which Iranian leader vowed revenge during escalation?**A) RouhaniB) KhameneiC) QaaniD) Zarif✅ Answer: B) Khamenei **What encompassed the “Axis of Resistance” strategy?**A) PakistanB) ISISC) Iran-backed militiasD) NATO✅ Answer: C **How many missile systems did Israel reportedly destroy?**A) 50B) 80C) 120D) 200✅ Answer: C) 120 **Which country is monitoring expansion of the conflict?**A) ChinaB) UKC) RussiaD) All of the above✅ Answer: D) All **What kind of warfare did Israel employ in this escalation?**A) NuclearB) Hybrid (cyber + drones + air)C) Naval blockadeD) Troop deployment✅ Answer: B **Which strategic asset did Iran mostly lose?**A) TanksB) Missile defensesC) Naval fleetD) Space satellite✅ Answer: B **Which long-term concern stems from the Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation?**A) Tech developmentB) Nuclear proliferationC) Education fundsD) Sports events✅ Answer: B **What was a notable civilian outcome?**A) Mass migration from GazaB) Evacuation from TehranC) Hospital strikeD) School closures✅ Answer: C) Hospital strike **Which military technology did Israel use to protect airspaces?**A) Iron Dome & ArrowB) Patriot onlyC) StarlinkD) F35 jets✅ Answer: A 📝 Final Thoughts The Israel–Iran Conflict Escalation is not just a geopolitical flashpoint—it’s a vital topic shaping the global narrative in 2025. For UPSC, SSC, Banking, and Railway exam aspirants, mastering this issue offers a strong edge in GS, Current Affairs, and Essay writing sections. It blends international relations, defense strategies, nuclear diplomacy, and real-time policy shifts. Keep revising such high-impact events weekly through MCQs and briefs to build clarity and context.

Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams captures the most significant current affairs questions from June 1–11, 2025. These MCQs help aspirants analyze national events and prepare with clarity for Prelims exams. Use them to sharpen your speed, accuracy, and retention. 🔑 Key Points Covers national events from June 1–11, 2025 — perfect for Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams. Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams Ideal for UPSC Prelims, SSC CGL, Banking PO, Railway NTPC, RPF, and State PSCs. Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams Includes infrastructure, education, festivals, weather, and security-related questions. Each MCQ is rooted in current affairs, making it highly relevant for both static GK and GS sections. Enhances GK retention and exam confidence, aligning perfectly with the goals of Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams. Stay updated weekly with the Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams and boost your score with precision-targeted revision. 🎯 25+ Trending GK MCQs (June 1–11, 2025) Which state saw teacher protests over rationalisation in early June?A) UP B) Chhattisgarh C) Rajasthan D) OdishaAnswer: B) Chhattisgarh. Teachers cited NEP/RTE issues. The Chenab Rail Bridge inaugurated on June 6 is located in?A) Ladakh B) Himachal C) Jammu & Kashmir D) UttarakhandAnswer: C) Jammu & Kashmir. The new Vande Bharat link flagged off connects Katra to?A) Jammu City B) Srinagar C) Leh D) BanihalAnswer: B) Srinagar. Eid-ul-Adha was celebrated on which date in India, 2025?A) June 5 B) June 6 C) June 7 D) June 8Answer: C) June 7. On which dates did IMD note a temporary monsoon pause?A) June 1–2 B) June 3–4 C) June 5–6 D) June 7–8Answer: A) June 1–2. Which drill was announced to enhance public safety preparedness?A) Flood drill B) Blackout drill C) Fire drill D) Nuclear drillAnswer: B) Blackout drill. Which ministry launched a virus-free planting initiative in June?A) Health B) Agriculture C) Education D) EnvironmentAnswer: B) Agriculture. The Chenab Rail Bridge is an arch bridge connecting to?A) Vande Bharat link B) NH-44 C) Airport D) Wildlife corridorAnswer: A) Vande Bharat link. Teacher protests focused on the implementation of which NEP?A) NEP 1986 B) NEP 2009 C) NEP 2020 D) NEP 2024Answer: C) NEP 2020. Which festival caused a national holiday on June 7?A) Raksha Bandhan B) Eid-ul-Azha C) Holi D) DiwaliAnswer: B) Eid-ul-Azha. What issue affected farming during monsoon pause?A) Delayed sowing B) Excess rainfall C) Flood D) Soil erosionAnswer: A) Delayed sowing. Which organization forecasts monsoon performance?A) ISRO B) IMD C) RBI D) NITI AayogAnswer: B) IMD. Chenab Bridge inauguration signifies improved?A) Air travel B) Rail connectivity C) Ocean trade D) Highway transportAnswer: B) Rail connectivity. Teacher unions allege rationalisation leads to?A) Privatization B) More jobs C) Lower fees D) Tech integrationAnswer: A) Privatization. Eid-ul-Adha observance impacts which sector?A) Stock market B) Coal mining C) Tourism D) IT servicesAnswer: A) Stock market (closed June 7). Blackout drill is an example of?A) Festival B) Disaster management C) Mock internal security exercise D) Tech testAnswer: C) Mock internal security exercise. Monsoon pauses affect which area?A) Foreign policy B) Agriculture C) Defence drills D) UrbanizationAnswer: B) Agriculture. Which state office closed for Eid-ul-Adha?A) Chandigarh B) Manipur C) Assam D) Multi-state GovernmentAnswer: D) Multi-state Government offices. Which state-led rail development occurred?A) Ladakh Highway B) Chenab Bridge C) Mumbai Metro D) Delhi–Katra ExpresswayAnswer: B) Chenab Bridge. Teacher rationalisation relates to which act?A) RTE 2009 B) PESA 1996 C) RTI 2005 D) Land Acquisition ActAnswer: A) RTE 2009. Blackout drill aims to prepare citizens for?A) Media disruption B) Cyber warfare C) Blackouts during emergencies D) Online classesAnswer: C) Blackouts during emergencies. Which Indian city recently hosted the Civil Defence Mega Mock Drill in June 2025?A) Mumbai B) New Delhi C) Chennai D) HyderabadAnswer: B) New Delhi The world’s highest railway bridge, recently operational, is built over which river?A) Ganga B) Brahmaputra C) Chenab D) YamunaAnswer: C) Chenab Which ministry launched the “Skill India Digital” platform update in June 2025?A) Ministry of Labour B) Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship C) Ministry of Education D) NITI AayogAnswer: B) Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship What is the name of the Indian naval ship that recently conducted a goodwill visit to Vietnam in June 2025?A) INS Trikand B) INS Satpura C) INS Vikrant D) INS ViraatAnswer: A) INS Trikand Which Indian state topped the SDG India Index 2025 released in June?A) KeralaB) Gujarat C) Tamil Nadu D) Himachal PradeshAnswer: C) Tamil Nadu Who is the current Chairperson of the UPSC (as of June 2025)?A) Manoj Soni B) Deepak Gupta  C) Pradeep Kumar Joshi D) Arvind SaxenaAnswer: A) Manoj Soni 📌 Conclusion By practicing these Top Trending GK MCQs June 2025 for UPSC SSC Banking Railway Exams, aspirants consolidate important news like infrastructure projects, policy protests, monsoon insights, and security drills. This preparation boosts readiness and improves both Prelims and Mains outcomes. 🔔 Don’t miss out—subscribe for weekly GK MCQs, crafted for serious aspirants.👉 Join Vidya Vedas Weekly GK Series Now!

“Ancient Indian History MCQs with answers and explanations for UPSC” Ancient Indian History MCQs with answers and explanations for UPSC Aspirants  are an essential resource for aspirants preparing for competitive exams like UPSC Civil Services, SSC CGL, CDS, and State PSCs. Ancient Indian history covers the earliest civilizations, dynasties, religious developments, and cultural evolution that shaped the Indian subcontinent. Ancient Indian History MCQs with answers and explanations for UPSC Aspirants This section includes 50 well-curated multiple-choice questions designed to test and strengthen your knowledge of key topics such as the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Age, Mauryan and Gupta Empires, Buddhism and Jainism, and more. Each question is followed by a clear and concise explanation to help you understand the concept thoroughly. Whether you’re revising or practicing for prelims, these MCQs provide a quick yet comprehensive revision of ancient Indian history. Ancient Indian History MCQs – 50 Questions with Answers and Explanations Ancient Indian History MCQs with answers and explanations for UPSC Aspirants This section includes 50 well-curated multiple-choice questions designed to test and strengthen your knowledge of key topics such as the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Age, Mauryan and Gupta Empires, Buddhism and Jainism, and more. Ancient Indian History MCQs with answers and explanations for UPSC Aspirants come with detailed explanations, ensuring that every answer contributes to deeper understanding—not just rote memorization. 1. Who is known as the founder of the Maurya Empire? A. Ashoka B. Chandragupta Maurya C. Bindusara D. Bimbisara ✅ Answer: B. Chandragupta Maurya Explanation: Chandragupta Maurya founded the Maurya Empire in 321 BCE with the help of Chanakya. 2. The Harappan civilization was discovered in which year? A. 1921 B. 1935 C. 1911 D. 1947 ✅ Answer: A. 1921 Explanation: The Harappan Civilization was discovered in 1921 by Daya Ram Sahni in Punjab (now in Pakistan). 3. The Vedas are written in which language? A. Prakrit B. Pali C. Sanskrit D. Hindi ✅ Answer: C. Sanskrit Explanation: The Vedas, the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism, are composed in Vedic Sanskrit. 4. The Great Bath has been discovered from which Harappan site? A. Mohenjo-Daro B. Harappa C. Lothal D. Kalibangan ✅ Answer: A. Mohenjo-Daro Explanation: The Great Bath, a significant public structure, was discovered in Mohenjo-Daro. 5. Which ruler is associated with the spread of Jainism in Karnataka? A. Ashoka B. Kharavela C. Chandragupta Maurya D. Harsha ✅ Answer: C. Chandragupta Maurya Explanation: Chandragupta Maurya is believed to have embraced Jainism and migrated to Shravanabelagola in Karnataka. 6. Which is the earliest known civilization in India? A. Vedic Civilization B. Indus Valley Civilization C. Mauryan Empire D. Gupta Empire ✅ Answer: B. Indus Valley Civilization Explanation: The Indus Valley Civilization is considered the earliest urban civilization in the Indian subcontinent. 7. Who was the author of Arthashastra? A. Megasthenes B. Kautilya (Chanakya) C. Kalidasa D. Banabhatta ✅ Answer: B. Kautilya (Chanakya) Explanation: Arthashastra is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economics, and military strategy authored by Kautilya. 8. Which of the following was a port city of the Indus Valley Civilization? A. Kalibangan B. Banawali C. Lothal D. Dholavira ✅ Answer: C. Lothal Explanation: Lothal, located in present-day Gujarat, was a significant port city of the Indus Valley Civilization. 9. Who was the last ruler of the Mauryan dynasty? A. Ashoka B. Bindusara C. Brihadratha D. Dasaratha ✅ Answer: C. Brihadratha Explanation: Brihadratha was killed by his commander-in-chief, Pushyamitra Shunga, marking the end of the Maurya dynasty. 10. The Rigveda is primarily a collection of? A. Stories B. Philosophical discourses C. Hymns D. Laws ✅ Answer: C. Hymns Explanation: The Rigveda contains over 1,000 hymns dedicated to various Vedic deities. 11. The term ‘Veda’ means? A. Knowledge B. Truth C. Wisdom D. Power ✅ Answer: A. Knowledge Explanation: ‘Veda’ is derived from the Sanskrit root ‘vid’ meaning knowledge. 12. Who was the first ruler to unify most of the Indian subcontinent? A. Ashoka B. Harshavardhana C. Chandragupta Maurya D. Samudragupta ✅ Answer: C. Chandragupta Maurya Explanation: Under the Mauryan Empire, most of the Indian subcontinent was unified for the first time. 13. Megasthenes was a Greek ambassador to the court of? A. Ashoka B. Harshavardhana C. Chandragupta Maurya D. Samudragupta ✅ Answer: C. Chandragupta Maurya Explanation: Megasthenes visited India during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya and wrote ‘Indica’. 14. The famous university of ancient India ‘Nalanda’ was located in which state? A. Bihar B. Odisha C. Madhya Pradesh D. Uttar Pradesh ✅ Answer: A. Bihar Explanation: Nalanda University was a renowned centre of learning in ancient Bihar. 15. The Gupta period is often referred to as the? A. Iron Age of India B. Bronze Age of India C. Golden Age of India D. Dark Age of India ✅ Answer: C. Golden Age of India Explanation: The Gupta period witnessed major achievements in science, literature, and arts. 16. Who was the author of the Sanskrit epic ‘Ramayana’? A. Valmiki B. Ved Vyasa C. Kalidasa D. Tulsidas ✅ Answer: A. Valmiki Explanation: Valmiki is traditionally regarded as the author of the ancient Indian epic Ramayana. 17. Which Gupta ruler is known for his military conquests and the title ‘Indian Napoleon’? A. Chandragupta I B. Skandagupta C. Samudragupta D. Kumaragupta ✅ Answer: C. Samudragupta Explanation: Samudragupta’s extensive conquests earned him the title of the ‘Napoleon of India’. 18. The famous ancient university of Takshashila was located in which modern country? A. India B. Afghanistan C. Pakistan D. Nepal ✅ Answer: C. Pakistan Explanation: The ancient university of Takshashila is located in modern-day Pakistan. 19. The Ajanta Caves are mainly known for? A. Sculptures B. Paintings C. Architecture D. Stupas ✅ Answer: B. Paintings Explanation: The Ajanta Caves are famous for their magnificent murals and Buddhist paintings. 20. Who among the following was the founder of Buddhism? A. Mahavira B. Nagarjuna C. Gautama Buddha D. Asanga ✅ Answer: C. Gautama Buddha Explanation: Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, founded Buddhism in the 6th century BCE. 21. The rock-cut temples of Mahabalipuram were built under which dynasty? A. Maurya B. Chola C. Gupta